Mold fungi, such as Trichoderma spp., are not considered to be spalting fungi, as their hyphae do not colonize the wood internally and they do not produce the enzymes necessary to digest the wood cell wall components.ĭark dotting, winding lines and thin streaks of red, brown and black are known as zone lines. The most common groups of pigmentation fungi are the imperfect fungi and the ascomycetes. Pigmenting fungi classified as spalting fungi do decay wood, they simply do so at a slower rate (soft rotting) than white rotting fungi. ![]() A visible color change can be seen if enough hyphae are concentrated in an area. Bluestain is also a form of pigmentation however, bluestain pigments are generally bound within the hyphae cell walls. Pigmentation is caused when fungi produce extracellular pigments inside wood. Brown rots are more common to conifers, although one brown rot, Fistulina hepatica (beefsteak fungus), is known to cause spalting among deciduous trees. Both hardwoods ( deciduous) and softwoods ( coniferous) can spalt, but zone lines and white rot are more commonly found on hardwoods due to enzymatic differences in white rotting fungi. Spalted wood may exhibit one or all of these types in varying degrees. Spalting is divided into three main types: pigmentation, white rot, and zone lines. Spalted beech bowl Spalted oak bowl Macro of spalting in beech showing white rot and zone lines Spalted maple electric guitar Mango wood with fine spalting was used to build this Romero Creations Tiny Tenor Ukulele Types Heavily spalted mango wood is often used in the construction of ukuleles. Although spalting can cause weight loss and strength loss in the wood, the unique coloration and patterns of spalted wood are sought by woodworkers. Although primarily found in dead trees, spalting can also occur in living trees under stress. Spalting is any form of wood coloration caused by fungi. ![]() Any form of coloration caused by a fungal infection in the wood Zone lines in spalted wood
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